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Apakah OKI Masih Relevan bagi Polugri Indonesia
Corresponding Author(s) : Adkhilni Mudkhola Sidqi
JURNAL HUBUNGAN LUAR NEGERI,
Vol. 8 No. 1 (2023): Jurnal Hubungan Luar Negeri
Abstract
Indonesia merupakan pendiri dan anggota awal Organisasi Kerja sama Islam (OKI) sejak 1969. Selama ini peran dan kiprah Indonesia di OKI dipandang kurang optimal bahkan cenderung setengah hati (reluctant). Padahal di sisi lain, OKI merupakan organisasi terbesar kedua di dunia dengan 57 negara anggota tersebar di 4 kawasan (Asia, Arab, Afrika, dan Amerika) dan berperan penting dalam mewujudkan solidaritas umat muslim dan memperjuangkan isu-isu strategis, seperti Palestina, Rohingya, Islamophobia, dan muslim minoritas. Artikel ini berusaha menjawab pertanyaan apakah OKI masih relevan bagi politik luar negeri (polugri) Indonesia? Artikel ini membahas kepemimpinan dan kiprah Indonesia pada OKI dari masa Presiden Suharto hingga Presiden Jokowi. Artikel ini berkesimpulan bahwa OKI telah menjadi bagian integral dalam polugri Indonesia, meskipun terdapat faktor yang menyebabkan keengganan bagi Indonesia untuk lebih aktif di OKI. Sebagai negara muslim terbesar di dunia, Indonesia dapat berperan dan berpengaruh signifikan dalam dunia Islam melalui organisasi ini, serta OKI dapat menjadi platform penting bagi Indonesia untuk memperjuangkan isu-isu penting yang terkait dengan umat muslim di seluruh dunia. Artikel ini juga merekomendasikan beberapa hal terkait persiapan menuju Keketuaan Indonesia pada OKI pada tahun 2025.
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- Ahmed, Z. S., & Akbarzadeh, S. (2021). Sectarianism and the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation (OIC). Territory, Politics, Governance, 9(1), 76–93. https://doi.org/10.1080/21622671.20 19.1643779
- Al Anshori, M. Z. (2016). The role of Islam in Indonesia's contemporary foreign policy. [Doctoral Dissertation, Victoria University of Wellington]
- Anwar, D. F. (1994). Indonesia in ASEAN: foreign policy and regionalism: Singapore : Institute of Southeast Asian Studies.
- Anwar, D. F. (2010). The Impact of Domestic and Asian Regional Changes on Indonesian Foreign Policy. Southeast Asian Affairs, 2010(1), 126-141. doi:10.1355/SEAA10H
- Anwar, D. F. (2011). Foreign policy, Islam and democracy in Indonesia. Journal of Indonesian Social Sciences and Humanities, 3, 37-54.
- Aroman, B. (2011). Organization of Islamic conference: Genesis & development with special reference to Political & Educational policies (1969-91). http://ir.amu.ac.in/12885/1/T8269.pd f
- Bacik, G. (2011). The genesis, history, and functioning of the Organsuryaization of Islamic Cooperation (OIC): A formal- institutional analysis. Journal of Muslim Minority Affairs, 31(4), 594–614. https://doi.org/10.1080/13602004.20 11.630864
- Baihaqie, A. (2017). Islam and Indonesian foreign policy under the Yudhoyono presidency/ Akhmad Baihaqie (Doctoral dissertation, University of Malaya).
- Fachir, A.M., (2015). Menapaki Jejak Dua Saudara: Potret Hubungan Indonesia-Arab Saudi. Kedutaan Besar Republik Indonesia Riyadh.
- Farnham, B. (2004). Impact of the Political Context on Foreign Policy Decisionâ€ÂMaking. Political Psychology, 25(3), 441-463. doi:10.1111/j.1467- 9221.2004.00379.x
- Fearon, J. D. (1998). Domestic politics, foreign policy, and theories of international relations. Annual Review of Political Science, 1(1), 289-313.
- Gyngell, A. (2007). Making Australian foreign policy (2nd [fully rev. and upd.] ed.. ed.): New York, NY etc. : Cambridge University Press.
- Headley, J., & van Wyk, J.-A. (2012). Debating the Public’s Role in Foreign Policy Public Participation in Foreign Policy (pp. 3-20): Springer.
- Hill, C. J. (2003). The changing politics of foreign policy: Basingstoke etc. : Palgrave Macmillan.
- Kartono, Kartini. (1998). Pemimpin dan Kepemimpinan : Apakah Pemimpinan Abnormal Itu? PT Raja Grafindo Persada, Jakarta
- Marshall, P. (2011). Exporting blasphemy restrictions: The organization of the Islamic conference and the United Nations. Review of
- Faith and International Affairs, 9(2). https://doi.org/10.1080/15570274.20 11.571418
- Nugraha, A. (2012). Moderate Islam as New Identity in Indonesian Foreign Policy: Between Global Role Aspiration and Co-Religious Solidarity. JICSA (Journal of Islamic Civilization in Southeast Asia), 1(1).
- Perwita, A. A. B. (2003). Indonesia's Changing Role in OIC: Is It A" Necessity of Foreign Policy"?. Indonesian Quarterly, 31(1), 48-58.
- Petersen, M. J., & Kayaoglu, T. (2019). The Organization of Islamic Cooperation and Human Rights. In The Organization of Islamic Cooperation and Human Rights. University of Pennsylvania Press. https://doi.org/10.9783/9780812295 948
- Rosyadi, I. (1981). Organisasi Konperensi Islam dan masalahnya. Yayasan Idayu Jakarta.
- Sharqieh, I. (2012). Can the organization of Islamic cooperation (OIC) resolve conflicts? Peace and Conflict Studies, 19(2). https://doi.org/10.46743/1082- 7307/2012.1139
- Skidmore, T. E. (2013). Modern Latin America (eighth edition.. ed.): New York, Oxford : Oxford University Press.
- Sørensen, G. (2008). Democracy and democratization: processes and prospects in a changing world: Boulder, CO etc : Westview Press.
- Sukma, R. (2004). Islam in Indonesian foreign policy: Domestic weakness and the dilemma of dual identity. Routledge.
- Suryadinata, L. (1995). Islam and Suharto's foreign policy: Indonesia, the Middle East, and Bosnia. Asian Survey, 35(3), 291-303.
- Trumbore, P. F., & Boyer, M. A. (2000). International crisis decision-making as a two-level process. Journal of Peace Research, 37(6), 679 697.
- Turbedar, E. (2019). 50 Years of OIC Cooperation: Taking a Future Perspective by Learning from the Past (OIC Outlook, Vol. 2). The Statistical, Economic and Social Research and Training Centre for Islamic Countries (SESRIC). www.sesric.org/publications-oic- outlook.php
- Ubaedillah, A., Ali, M. and Arfino, B., 2023. Articulation of Islam: President Joko Widodo’s Foreign Policy 2014-2019. Jurnal Hubungan Internasional, 11(2), pp.1-12.
- Wirajuda, M. (2014). The impact of democratization on Indonesia’s foreign policy: regional cooperation, promotion of political values, and conflict management: ProQuest Dissertations Publishing.
- Wolff, J., & Wurm, I. (2011). Towards a theory of external democracy promotion. Security Dialogue, 42(1), 77-96. doi:10.1177/0967010610393551
- Regulations, reports, and official document OIC, ‘The Charter of Organization of Islamic Conference’, (2008), available at: http://www.oic- oic.org/is11/english/Charter- en.pdf (diakses pada 3 Mei 2023)
References
Ahmed, Z. S., & Akbarzadeh, S. (2021). Sectarianism and the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation (OIC). Territory, Politics, Governance, 9(1), 76–93. https://doi.org/10.1080/21622671.20 19.1643779
Al Anshori, M. Z. (2016). The role of Islam in Indonesia's contemporary foreign policy. [Doctoral Dissertation, Victoria University of Wellington]
Anwar, D. F. (1994). Indonesia in ASEAN: foreign policy and regionalism: Singapore : Institute of Southeast Asian Studies.
Anwar, D. F. (2010). The Impact of Domestic and Asian Regional Changes on Indonesian Foreign Policy. Southeast Asian Affairs, 2010(1), 126-141. doi:10.1355/SEAA10H
Anwar, D. F. (2011). Foreign policy, Islam and democracy in Indonesia. Journal of Indonesian Social Sciences and Humanities, 3, 37-54.
Aroman, B. (2011). Organization of Islamic conference: Genesis & development with special reference to Political & Educational policies (1969-91). http://ir.amu.ac.in/12885/1/T8269.pd f
Bacik, G. (2011). The genesis, history, and functioning of the Organsuryaization of Islamic Cooperation (OIC): A formal- institutional analysis. Journal of Muslim Minority Affairs, 31(4), 594–614. https://doi.org/10.1080/13602004.20 11.630864
Baihaqie, A. (2017). Islam and Indonesian foreign policy under the Yudhoyono presidency/ Akhmad Baihaqie (Doctoral dissertation, University of Malaya).
Fachir, A.M., (2015). Menapaki Jejak Dua Saudara: Potret Hubungan Indonesia-Arab Saudi. Kedutaan Besar Republik Indonesia Riyadh.
Farnham, B. (2004). Impact of the Political Context on Foreign Policy Decisionâ€ÂMaking. Political Psychology, 25(3), 441-463. doi:10.1111/j.1467- 9221.2004.00379.x
Fearon, J. D. (1998). Domestic politics, foreign policy, and theories of international relations. Annual Review of Political Science, 1(1), 289-313.
Gyngell, A. (2007). Making Australian foreign policy (2nd [fully rev. and upd.] ed.. ed.): New York, NY etc. : Cambridge University Press.
Headley, J., & van Wyk, J.-A. (2012). Debating the Public’s Role in Foreign Policy Public Participation in Foreign Policy (pp. 3-20): Springer.
Hill, C. J. (2003). The changing politics of foreign policy: Basingstoke etc. : Palgrave Macmillan.
Kartono, Kartini. (1998). Pemimpin dan Kepemimpinan : Apakah Pemimpinan Abnormal Itu? PT Raja Grafindo Persada, Jakarta
Marshall, P. (2011). Exporting blasphemy restrictions: The organization of the Islamic conference and the United Nations. Review of
Faith and International Affairs, 9(2). https://doi.org/10.1080/15570274.20 11.571418
Nugraha, A. (2012). Moderate Islam as New Identity in Indonesian Foreign Policy: Between Global Role Aspiration and Co-Religious Solidarity. JICSA (Journal of Islamic Civilization in Southeast Asia), 1(1).
Perwita, A. A. B. (2003). Indonesia's Changing Role in OIC: Is It A" Necessity of Foreign Policy"?. Indonesian Quarterly, 31(1), 48-58.
Petersen, M. J., & Kayaoglu, T. (2019). The Organization of Islamic Cooperation and Human Rights. In The Organization of Islamic Cooperation and Human Rights. University of Pennsylvania Press. https://doi.org/10.9783/9780812295 948
Rosyadi, I. (1981). Organisasi Konperensi Islam dan masalahnya. Yayasan Idayu Jakarta.
Sharqieh, I. (2012). Can the organization of Islamic cooperation (OIC) resolve conflicts? Peace and Conflict Studies, 19(2). https://doi.org/10.46743/1082- 7307/2012.1139
Skidmore, T. E. (2013). Modern Latin America (eighth edition.. ed.): New York, Oxford : Oxford University Press.
Sørensen, G. (2008). Democracy and democratization: processes and prospects in a changing world: Boulder, CO etc : Westview Press.
Sukma, R. (2004). Islam in Indonesian foreign policy: Domestic weakness and the dilemma of dual identity. Routledge.
Suryadinata, L. (1995). Islam and Suharto's foreign policy: Indonesia, the Middle East, and Bosnia. Asian Survey, 35(3), 291-303.
Trumbore, P. F., & Boyer, M. A. (2000). International crisis decision-making as a two-level process. Journal of Peace Research, 37(6), 679 697.
Turbedar, E. (2019). 50 Years of OIC Cooperation: Taking a Future Perspective by Learning from the Past (OIC Outlook, Vol. 2). The Statistical, Economic and Social Research and Training Centre for Islamic Countries (SESRIC). www.sesric.org/publications-oic- outlook.php
Ubaedillah, A., Ali, M. and Arfino, B., 2023. Articulation of Islam: President Joko Widodo’s Foreign Policy 2014-2019. Jurnal Hubungan Internasional, 11(2), pp.1-12.
Wirajuda, M. (2014). The impact of democratization on Indonesia’s foreign policy: regional cooperation, promotion of political values, and conflict management: ProQuest Dissertations Publishing.
Wolff, J., & Wurm, I. (2011). Towards a theory of external democracy promotion. Security Dialogue, 42(1), 77-96. doi:10.1177/0967010610393551
Regulations, reports, and official document OIC, ‘The Charter of Organization of Islamic Conference’, (2008), available at: http://www.oic- oic.org/is11/english/Charter- en.pdf (diakses pada 3 Mei 2023)